After years of study, Yuan Yida, associate research fellow of Institute of Genetics and Development Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences found that China's three largest surnames Li, Wang, Zhang account respectively for 7.9, 7.4 and 7.1 percent of the population. They feature a total number of 270 million, being the three large surnames of the world.
According to Yuan's study, about 87 percent of the Chinese population are surnamed the 100 common surnames. Among them, 19 surnames take up the country's one percent of the population. They are Li, Wang, Zhang, Liu, Chen, Yang, Zhao, Huang, Zhou, Wu, Xu, Sun, Hu, Zhu, Gao, Lin, He, Guo and Ma.
In addition, people with same surnames are not distributed proportionally. In north China, surname Wang is the No.1 family name, accounting for 9.9 percent of the population, and next is Li, Zhang and Liu.
In the south region, Chen ranks the first, accounting for 10.6 percent of total population and the following is Li, Huang, Lin and Zhang.
In the Yangtze River area, the No.1 surname is Li, accounting for 7 percent of the regional population, Wang, Zhang, Chen, Liu come the next respectively.
Yuan drew a genetic map in terms of the 100 common surnames, which indicates the distribution of the same surnames in the country.
Yuan said that with the development of science, surname is not only a kind of culture. It has things to do with the genetic study - a branch for "surname colony genetics". The distribution being Chinese unique culture, it has a great deal to do with the country' origin, gene distribution and trend for population development, land-use and many other problems.
| | 中国科学院遗传与发育生物学研究所副研究员袁义达经多年研究发现，全国最大的三个姓氏是李、王、张，分别占总人口的7.9％、7.4％和7.1％。三大姓氏的总人口达到2.7亿，为世界上最大的三个同姓人群。
袁义达是根据国家统计局第三次人口普查的抽样资料，依据各地人口的比例等距离抽样，严格按照统计学原理获得这一全国性姓氏数据的。
根据袁义达的研究成果，当代中国100个常见姓氏中，集中了全国人口的87％。其中，占全国人口1％以上的姓氏有19个，分别为李、王、张、刘、陈、杨、赵、黄、周、吴、徐、孙、胡、朱、高、林、何、郭和马。历史上，中国大约有一半的人口一直集中在这19个同姓人群中。
此外，中国的同姓人群在地区分布上也是不均衡的。在北方地区，以王姓为第一大姓，约占人口的9.9％，其次为李、张、刘；在南方地区，则以陈姓为第一大姓，大约占人口的10.6％，其次为李、黄、林、张；在南北过渡型的长江流域地区，第一大姓为李，大约占人口的7％，其次为王、张、陈、刘。
袁义达发现，在我国每一个省区中，都有一些出现频率比其它省区高得多的姓。如广东的梁和罗姓，广西的梁和陆姓，福建的郑姓，台湾的蔡姓，安徽的汪姓，江苏的徐和朱姓，浙江的毛和沈姓，江西的胡和廖姓，湖北的胡姓，湖南的谭姓，四川的何和邓姓，贵州的吴姓，云南的杨姓，河南的程姓，甘肃的高姓，宁夏的万姓，陕西的薛姓，青海的鲍姓，新疆的马姓，山东的孔姓，山西的董和郭姓，内蒙古的潘姓，东北三省的于姓。
袁义达说：“中国人的姓氏和分布是中国一项特有的国情，它将涉及到中华民族的起源、祖宗们遗留下来的基因资源的分布、当今海内外的寻根和国家的统一、今后人口发展趋势等许多问题，具有重要的意义。” |